:root {
  --bg: #ffffff;
  --bg-subtle: #f9fafb;
  --ink: #1a1a1a;
  --ink-soft: #5d5d5d;
  --accent: #1a56a4;
  --rule: #e1e4e8;
  --rule-soft: #eef0f2;

  --column-max: 640px;
  --gutter: 24px;

  --type-mast: "DM Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
  --type-body: "Newsreader", Georgia, "Iowan Old Style", serif;
}

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html,
body {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

body {
  background: var(--bg);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--type-body);
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  font-weight: 400;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  font-feature-settings: "kern" 1, "liga" 1;
}

main,
header.site-header,
footer.site-footer,
.page-shell {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.page-shell {
  max-width: var(--column-max);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 40px var(--gutter) 96px;
}

/* ---------- Masthead ---------- */

.masthead {
  text-align: left;
  margin: 0 0 8px;
}

.top-nav {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  padding: 24px 32px 0;
  text-align: right;
  font-family: var(--type-mast);
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: lowercase;
  line-height: 1;
}

.top-nav a {
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  padding-bottom: 2px;
  transition: color 120ms ease, border-color 120ms ease;
}

.top-nav a + a::before {
  content: "·";
  margin: 0 10px;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  display: inline-block;
}

.top-nav a:hover,
.top-nav a:focus-visible {
  color: var(--accent);
  border-bottom-color: var(--accent);
  outline: none;
}

.masthead a {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
  display: inline-block;
}

.masthead h1 {
  font-family: var(--type-mast);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 44px;
  line-height: 1.05;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  margin: 0;
}

.masthead .tagline {
  font-family: var(--type-mast);
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 15px;
  margin: 12px 0 0;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.masthead .mast-rule {
  margin: 24px 0 36px;
  border: 0;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--rule);
  /* full width, left-aligned */
}

.masthead.left {
  text-align: left;
}

.masthead.left .mast-rule {
  margin-left: 0;
}

/* ---------- Issue strip ---------- */

.issue-strip {
  font-family: var(--type-mast);
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: lowercase;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  margin: 0 0 44px;
}

.issue-strip .issue-no,
.issue-strip .issue-date {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.issue-strip .dot {
  margin: 0 8px;
  color: var(--rule);
}

/* ---------- Premise / intro prose ---------- */

.premise {
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.premise p + p {
  margin-top: 1em;
}

/* ---------- Article title + dek ---------- */

.article-title {
  font-family: var(--type-body);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 38px;
  line-height: 1.15;
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
  margin: 0 0 16px;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.article-dek {
  font-family: var(--type-body);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 19px;
  line-height: 1.45;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  margin: 0 0 40px;
}

/* ---------- Article body ---------- */

.article-body {
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.article-body p {
  margin: 0 0 1.1em;
}

.article-body:not(.glossary-body) > p:first-of-type::first-line {
  font-variant: small-caps;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}

.article-body em {
  font-style: italic;
}

.article-body a {
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.article-body h3 {
  font-family: var(--type-body);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 22px;
  line-height: 1.3;
  margin: 48px 0 14px;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.article-body .glossary-link {
  font-weight: 600;
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--ink-soft);
  transition: color 120ms ease, border-color 120ms ease;
}

.article-body .glossary-link:hover,
.article-body .glossary-link:focus-visible {
  color: var(--accent);
  border-bottom-color: var(--accent);
  outline: none;
}

.article-title + .article-body {
  margin-top: 22px;
}

/* End-of-letter teaser block */
.next-letter-teaser {
  margin: 28px 0 0;
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

/* ---------- Glossary page ---------- */

.glossary-body .glossary-intro {
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.glossary-entry {
  margin: 44px 0 0;
  scroll-margin-top: 32px;
}

.glossary-entry h3 {
  font-family: var(--type-body);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 22px;
  line-height: 1.3;
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.glossary-entry p {
  margin: 0 0 1em;
}

.glossary-entry p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* ---------- Sign-off ---------- */

.signoff {
  margin: 56px 0 12px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  padding-top: 32px;
}

.signoff .signature {
  display: block;
  width: 96px;
  height: auto;
  margin: 0 0 14px;
}

.signoff .biostub {
  font-family: var(--type-body);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 15px;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  margin: 0;
}

/* ---------- Prev / next strip ---------- */

.prevnext {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 24px;
  margin: 64px 0 0;
  font-family: var(--type-mast);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: lowercase;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  padding-top: 24px;
}

.prevnext a {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.prevnext a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.prevnext .disabled {
  opacity: 0.4;
  cursor: default;
}

.prevnext .label {
  display: block;
  color: var(--rule);
  margin-bottom: 4px;
  font-size: 10px;
}

.prevnext .next {
  text-align: right;
}

/* ---------- Issue archive list ---------- */

.archive-heading {
  font-family: var(--type-mast);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: lowercase;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  margin: 56px 0 16px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  padding-bottom: 10px;
}

.archive-list {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

.archive-list li {
  padding: 18px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule-soft);
}

.archive-list li:last-child {
  border-bottom: 0;
}

.archive-list .date {
  font-family: var(--type-mast);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}

.archive-list .title {
  font-family: var(--type-body);
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.3;
  margin: 0 0 6px;
}

.archive-list .title a {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.archive-list .title a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.archive-list .summary {
  font-family: var(--type-body);
  font-size: 16px;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  margin: 0;
  font-style: italic;
}

.archive-list li.upcoming .title {
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-weight: 400;
}

/* ---------- Latest issue card ---------- */

.latest-card {
  border-left: 3px solid var(--accent);
  padding: 0 0 0 22px;
  margin: 44px 0 0;
  background: none;
}

.latest-card .kicker {
  font-family: var(--type-mast);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: lowercase;
  color: var(--accent);
  margin: 0 0 8px;
}

.latest-card h2 {
  font-family: var(--type-body);
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.25;
  margin: 0 0 8px;
}

.latest-card p {
  margin: 0;
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 16px;
}

/* ---------- Signup form ---------- */

.signup {
  margin: 56px 0 0;
  padding: 28px 0 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.signup .signup-kicker {
  font-family: var(--type-mast);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: lowercase;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  margin: 0 0 8px;
}

.signup .signup-prompt {
  font-family: var(--type-body);
  font-size: 16px;
  margin: 0 0 16px;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.signup form {
  display: flex;
  gap: 8px;
  max-width: 460px;
}

.signup input[type="email"] {
  flex: 1;
  font-family: var(--type-body);
  font-size: 16px;
  padding: 12px 14px;
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  background: var(--bg);
  color: var(--ink);
  border-radius: 6px;
  outline: none;
}

.signup input[type="email"]:focus {
  border-color: var(--accent);
}

.signup button {
  font-family: var(--type-mast);
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  padding: 12px 20px;
  border: none;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--bg);
  cursor: pointer;
  border-radius: 6px;
}

.signup button:hover {
  background: var(--accent);
}

.signup .fineprint {
  margin: 10px 0 0;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.signup-message {
  margin: 14px 0 0;
  font-family: var(--type-body);
  font-size: 15px;
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.signup-message:empty {
  display: none;
}

.signup-message-success {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.signup-message-error {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.signup.compact {
  margin-top: 48px;
  padding-top: 22px;
}

.signup.compact .signup-prompt {
  font-size: 15px;
}

/* ---------- Footer ---------- */

.site-footer {
  max-width: var(--column-max);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 24px var(--gutter) 56px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  font-family: var(--type-mast);
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}

.site-footer p {
  margin: 0;
}

.site-footer a {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 2px;
}

.site-footer a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

/* ---------- About page bits ---------- */

.about-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 120px;
  gap: 32px;
  align-items: start;
  margin: 24px 0 0;
}

.about-bio p {
  margin: 0 0 1em;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.about-bio p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.about-aside {
  display: block;
}

.headshot {
  width: 120px;
  height: 120px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.about-links {
  margin: 28px 0 0;
  font-family: var(--type-body);
  font-size: 15px;
}

.about-links a {
  color: var(--accent);
}

/* ---------- Mobile ---------- */

@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .page-shell {
    padding: 36px 22px 72px;
  }

  .masthead h1 {
    font-size: 31px;
  }

  .masthead {
    text-align: left;
  }

  .masthead .mast-rule {
    margin-left: 0;
  }

  .top-nav {
    padding: 20px 22px 0;
  }

  .article-title {
    font-size: 28px;
  }

  .article-dek {
    font-size: 17px;
  }

  .article-body,
  .premise {
    font-size: 17px;
  }

  .about-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 24px;
  }

  .about-aside {
    order: -1;
  }

  .signup form {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
  }

  .signup button {
    padding: 14px;
  }

  .prevnext {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 18px;
  }

  .prevnext .next {
    text-align: left;
  }
}